Forces and Chemical Reaction on Rocket

 

At first the rocket is in steady state. In the rocket, there is a chamber that contains fuel. The fuel is typically Kerosene or liquid hydrogen of a liquid propellant rocket. Liquid oxygen is an oxidizer. They are mixed in the combustion chamber when the engine starts. The propellants burn and produce extreme temperature and pressure. The gas is produced through the nozzle and goes out of the engine and the rocket goes up from the launchpad. At first, it follows the third law of motion. Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. The action is called the thrust force expels gas out of the engine. The rocket moves in the opposite direction which is a reaction. The trust of the rocket unbalances the forces and must be greater than the mass of the object then it will go up. A weight force is acting toward the center of the earth which depends on the mass of all the parts of the rocket that is pulling the rocket downward. The drag force acting opposite the rocket to opposes the rocket motion through the air. There are lift force acts on the perpendicular in which the rocket is moving which helps to balance and control the direction of the flight. The lift and drag forces depend on the shape, size, velocity of the rocket, and atmosphere properties. The trust force continues and the rocket is using up the fuel and some rocket parts fall off. Most of the rocket have three-stage of engine. When the first stage engine is separated the thrust force is same and the mass decreases and the rocket accelerates. It then follows newton’s second law of motion that when force is applied the speed increases, decreases, or changes direction. The velocity should be more than 25,000 miles per hour to enable a rocket to leave the earth into deep space. The second stage engine burns and sends the rocket to Earth’s orbit. There is accelerating motion as it is changing direction. There is centripetal force because force acts on rocket by moving circular path directed inward toward the Earth. Centrifugal reaction force directing rocket away from Earth. The rocket is in free fall state as the rocket is always falling down. The rocket then orbits the earth one and half times and separate the second stage engine. The third engine starts and the mass decreases and the rocket accelerate more but the thrust force is same. When the third engine stage separated, the rocket comes to the limit where there is no gravity. The faster the fuel burned, the faster the gas produced and much greater the trust of the rocket. There is only thrust force passed from the third engine stage to the rocket. The rocket keeps on moving and into deep space, there is no air so no drag force, no gravitational pull so no weight force and the rocket will follow the first law of motion which is the law of inertia. There is no atmosphere so the rocket will move in constant velocity in the same direction unless an unbalanced force acts upon it. Most of the time rocket will follow the law of inertia as the rocket will take a lot of time to go near the moon. It will take at least three days to reach the moon. Rocket has to travel 240,000 miles. When the rocket comes near the moon, the rocket will stop in lunar orbit. There is accelerating motion as it is changing direction. There is centripetal force because force acts on rocket by moving circular path directed inward toward the Moon. Centrifugal reaction force directing rocket away from Moon. Rocket will be in free fall state. Then the lunar module from the rocket will make the journey to the surface of the moon. The command module will be in lunar orbit. There is a gravitational pull called weight force on the lunar module. The gravitational force is 1.62 m/s² which is 1/6 compare to Earth. Again, the lunar module follows the second law of motion as the lunar module will attract the moon. The lunar module starts the descent engine and follows the third law of motion. The fuel burned and the gas is produced and the Thrust force is created which is less than the mass of the rocket. The lunar module slows down and drops into a lower orbit and stays over the surface. There is no drag force or lift force because there is no atmosphere on the moon. It also follows the second law of motion because it is decelerating and decreasing the speed and change the direction. Then the lunar module will slowly land on the moon.